The envelope generates data based on the duration of the event. an Envelope is that LFO’s are intended to continuously repeat at a certain rate or frequency, whereas envelopes are usually triggered events based on some user input like a key press. The difference between modulating a parameter with an LFO vs. Using the same envelop to modulate to parameters simultaneously is common (e.g. Likewise they could be used alter the rate of an LFO or another modulator. Anything in the signal path is fair game. This means that no additional routing needs to be set up in the instrument for amplitude to be controlled.īut things get interesting when envelopes are used to modulate parameters like the cut-off frequency of a low pass filter, pitch variations or noise bursts. If there are multiple envelopes in an instrument, the last envelop is typically hardwired to amplitude (in the case of the ES2 that would be Envelop 3). The typical use of an envelope is to control or modulate amplitude. Some envelopes allow you to specify sustain and loop points and various looping methods within the shape itself and use non-linear ramps based on logarithmic or exponential curves. In contrast to simple two or four stage envelopes, multiple stage envelops can be found for complex modulation possibilities. When a Rise time is set, the level will rise back up to maximum and stay there until the Release stage. This controls define the time it takes for the level to either rise from the Sustain level back to its maximum level - or to fall to zero: In the ES2 for example, Envelopes 2 and 3 have a ‘Sustain – Time control’. Release: The time it takes for the output to decrease to zero after the key is released or the sustain instruction ends. This stage can theoretically last indefinitely. It is important to observe that the sustain parameter is a measure of level, not time. Sustain: The level of output while a sustain instruction persists (held note). Typical StagesĪttack: The amount of time it takes for the envelop to reach the end of that first stage, usually the peak level.ĭecay: The amount of time it takes for the envelope to decrease to some specified sustain level There is usually some sort of sustain stage that will dictate the overall duration of the envelope based on how long a key is pressed. The output is triggered by a user event, typically a new note or key press. Before getting into alternate uses, let’s look at the fundamental stages of an envelop and variations you may come across.Īn Envelope is simply a table of data points that is output over a specified period of time. Yet many still consider their use simply in terms of amplitude modulation alone. ➥ Synthesis 101 from Phil Mantione is available nowĮnvelopes can be used in synthesis to modulate literally anything in the signal path including the parameters of other modulators like LFOs.
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